Neuropsychological profiles and assessment tools

Neuropsychological profiles and assessment tools

Neuropsychological domain	Relative strengths	Relative weaknesses	Assessment tools
Intelligence	Performance IQ, Visuospatial subtests, Rote Memory subtests	Verbal IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Verbal Abstract Concept Formation, Visual/Verbal Sequencing	Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WISC III, WPPSI-R, WAIS III, WASI), Leiter – R, Stanford Binet, Differential Abilities Scale (DAS), Mullen Scales of Early Learning, Bayley Infant Development Scales
Academic achievement	Reading: phonics and decoding Arithmetic: calculations	Reading: comprehension Arithmetic: math concepts	Woodcock Johnson – III Tests of Achievement, Psychoeducational Profile – Revised (PEP-R), Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT)
Attention	Sustained Attention Focusing	Selective Attention Orienting, Shifting,	Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Matching Familiar Figures Test, Symbol Digits Modalities Test (SDMT)
Executive functioning	Inhibition High Functioning Individuals: Planning and Set Shifting, Working Memory	Working Memory Cognitive Flexibility Low Functioning Individuals: Set Shifting, Planning, Organization	Category Test, Design Fluency Test, Stroop Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Tower of Hanoi/London, NEPSY Tower subtest, Trail Making Test
Memory and learning	Auditory Rote Memory Immediate/Delayed Visual Memory Paired Associative Learning, Discriminative Learning, Operant Learning	Long-Term Memory Meta memory Skills Declarative Memory Sequential Memory	California Verbal Learning Test, Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, Test of Memory and Learning, NEPSY Memory subtests, Rey Complex Figure Test, Auditory Consonant Trigrams, Benton Visual Retention Test, Wechsler Memory Scale
Language	Phonology Syntax	Pragmatics, Prosody, Comprehension of Complex Material, Expressive and Receptive Language Skills	Preschool Language Scale, Clinical evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Controlled Oral Word Association, Multilingual Aphasia Examination, Token Test
Visual processing	Problem-solving Visual Matching, Visuo-spatial	Visual–Motor Integration	Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration, Developmental Test of Visual Processing, Block Design, Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Abilities, Test of Visual-Perceptual Skills
Motor skills	Inconsistent findings of relative strengths in gross motor skills	Fine Motor, Eye–Hand Coordination, Visual–Motor Integration	Grooved Pegboard Test, Developmental Test of Motor Coordination, Finger Tapping Test
Adaptive functioning	Motor skills and daily living skills	Adaptive communication and social skills	Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Scales of Independent Behavior – Revised (SIB-R)